In the landscape of criminal defense, DNA evidence has become an increasingly powerful forensic tool for identifying and eliminating suspects. If you are facing criminal charges in New Jersey, please continue reading to learn how DNA evidence impacts criminal defense cases and why connecting with a qualified Bergen County Criminal Defense Attorney is in your best interest.
What is DNA Evidence?
First, it’s important to understand that “DNA” is the abbreviation for deoxyribonucleic acid, which is the genetic material that is present in the cells of all living organisms. Essentially, it’s the fundamental building block for an individual’s entire genetic makeup. Similar to fingerprints, every person has a unique DNA profile. However, there is an exception for identical twins as they share the same genetic code. But unlike fingerprints, it only takes a minuscule amount of genetic material to identify or eliminate a suspect for a criminal trial.
Through technology, DNA has become one of the most reliable forms of biological evidence. It can be collected from blood, hair, saliva, skin cells, semen, and other bodily substances, such as feces and vomit. DNA evidence is analyzed in crime laboratories using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, which allows for very small samples to be tested and identified. Once a sample is tested, it can be cross-referenced with DNA profiles that have already been logged in a database or with genetic data provided by a suspect.
Although DNA testing is not completely foolproof, it’s more an 99% accurate. However, errors in testing can result from mix-ups in the lab or the contamination of samples, but each state has specific rules for DNA sample collection and handling. If these stringent standards are not met, the court may not allow the use of genetic evidence.
How Does DNA Evidence Influence a Criminal Case?
When it comes to a criminal trial, one of the most significant contributions of DNA evidence to criminal defense is it can help identify the actual perpetrator of crimes. When it’s compared to databases of known offenders, law enforcement can identify individuals who may have committed other crimes. When a defendant maintains their innocence, the prosecution can use DNA evidence as definitive proof of their involvement in the crime.
However, defense attorneys can also utilize DNA evidence to dismantle the prosecution’s case and raise reasonable doubt. This is because it can establish an alibi and demonstrate the crime scene doesn’t match the defendant’s DNA profile. A skilled defense attorney can use DNA evidence to challenge the prosecution’s claim, offering alternative explanations for how DNA may have been transferred or why it appeared at the crime scene. Depending on the unique circumstances of a case, it can lead to the dismissal of charges or the negotiation of a favorable plea deal for defendants.
If you are facing criminal charges, it’s in your best interest to contact a Bergen County criminal defense attorney who can advocate for your rights. At The Law Office of Carl Spector, we are prepared to formulate a robust defense strategy and zealously represent your interests. Connect with our firm today to learn more about what we can do for you.